ASTM D3276-21 - 1.11.2021
 
Significance and Use

3.1?This guide is intended as a reference for those concerned with the inspection of industrial coating work. The requirements for inspection should be addressed in all protective coating and lining work specifications. This guide may be used by specification writers when selecting and establishing the inspection requirements for coating and lining specifications. A checklist for use by inspectors in the field is included in Appendix X1.

 
1. Scope

1.1?This guide is intended as an information aid to painting inspectors in carrying out their task efficiently. It includes the key elements of surface preparation, coatings application, and final approval for both field and shop work. The items should be selected that are pertinent to the specification of a particular job.

Note 1:?For additional helpful information, refer to the following documents:

Manual of Coating Work for Light-Water Nuclear Power Plant Primary Containment and Other Safety-Related Facilities 2

New Concepts for Coating Protection of Steel Structures3

D16 Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications4

D4538 Terminology Relating to Protective Coatings and Lining Work for Power Generation Facilities4

Steel Structures Painting Manual Vol 1 Good Painting Practice5

Steel Structures Painting Manual Vol 2 Systems and Specifications5

Manufacturers Specifications and Instructions (made available to the inspector for reference to special requirements for proper application)

Safety Data Sheets (needed to ensure that personnel take necessary precautions in handling hazardous materials). Available from Materials manufacturer.

1.2?Certain industries or owners may require certified inspection personnel. See Guide D4537 for establishing procedures to certify inspectors for coatings work in nuclear facilities.

1.3?The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

1.4?This guide is arranged in the following order:

?

Section

Referenced Documents

2

ASTM Standards

2.1

OSHA Standards

2.2

Steel Structures Painting Council Publications

2.3

International Standards Organization (ISO)

2.4

ASTM Adjuncts

2.6

Significance and Use

3

Preparation for Inspection

4

Surface Preparation Methods and Requirements

5

Surface Preparation

5.1

Pictorial Standard D2200

5.1.1

Factors Affecting Coating Performance

5.2

Cleanliness

5.2.1

Mill Scale

5.2.2

Surface Profile

5.2.3

Sharp Edges

5.2.4

Cleaning Procedures

5.3

Chemical Cleaning

5.3.1

Solvent Vapor Cleaning

5.3.1.1

Hand Tool Cleaning

5.3.2

Power Tool Cleaning

5.3.3

Power Tool Cleaning to Bare Metal

5.3.4

Commercial Grade Power Tool Cleaning

5.3.4.4

Blast Cleaning

5.3.5

Pressurized Water Cleaning

5.3.6

Cleaning and Preparation of Various Surfaces

5.4

Steel Surfaces

5.4.1

Galvanized Surfaces

5.4.2

Aluminum Surfaces

5.4.3

Precautions in Preparing Unpainted and Previously

?

Painted Surfaces

5.4.4

Inspection of Surfaces Prior to Field Painting

5.5

New Construction

5.5.1

Maintenance Repainting

5.5.2

Coating Storage and Handling

6

Storage of Coating and Thinner

6.1

Mixing of Coatings

6.2

Thinning

6.3

Initial Samples

6.3.1

Thinning of Coating

6.3.2

Sampling of Thinned Coating

6.3.3

Heating of Coating

6.4

Weather Considerations

7

Drying

7.1

Low Temperature

7.2

High Temperature

7.3

Moisture

7.4

Wind

7.5

Coating Application

8

Residual Contaminants

8.1

Quality Assurance

8.2

Film Defects

8.2.1

Brush Application

8.3

Spray Application

8.4

Roller Application

8.5

Miscellaneous Methods

8.6

Rate of Application

8.7

Additional Considerations

9

Ventilation

9.1

Shopcoat Repair

9.2

Painting Schedule

9.3

Film Integrity

9.4

Recoat Time

9.5

Coating System Failure

9.6

Inspection Equipment

10

General

10.1

Surface Profile Gages

10.1.1

Adhesion of Existing Coating

10.1.2

Portable Pull-Off Adhesion Testers

10.1.3

Field Inspection Equipment

10.2

Drying and Curing Times

10.2.1

Thermometers

10.2.1.1

Relative Humidity and Dew Point

10.2.1.2

Wet-Film Thickness Gages

10.2.2

Interchemical Gage

10.2.2.1

Notched Gage

10.2.2.2

Dry-Film Thickness Gages

10.2.3

Nondestructive Film Thickness Gages

10.2.3.1

Magnetic-Type Gages

10.2.3.2

Current-Type Gages

10.2.3.3

Destructive Thickness Gage

10.2.3.4

Holiday Detectors

10.2.4

Comparison of Surface Preparation

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Specifications

Table 1

Comparison of Water Jetting Standards

Table 2

Inspection Checklist

Appendix X1

1.5?This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.6?This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

 
2. Referenced Documents

D7091-22

Standard Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to Ferrous Metals and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coatings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals

D7127-17

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Surface Roughness of Abrasive Blast Cleaned Metal Surfaces Using a Portable Stylus Instrument (Withdrawn 2021)

D3363-22

Standard Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil Test

D3359-23

Standard Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test

D2200-17(2021)

Standard Practice for Use of Pictorial Surface Preparation Standards and Guides for Painting Steel Surfaces

D1730-09(2020)

Standard Practices for Preparation of Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Surfaces for Painting

D1212-91(2020)

Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Wet Film Thickness of Organic Coatings

D16-24

Standard Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications

D6677-18(2022)

Standard Test Method for Evaluating Adhesion by Knife

D7393-16(2020)

Standard Practice for Indicating Oil in Abrasives

E337-15(2023)

Standard Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psychrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Temperatures)

Hazard Communication Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://www.dodssp.daps.mil.

D6913-04

Standard Test Methods for Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Soils Using Sieve Analysis

D4138-07a(2022)

Standard Practices for Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Protective Coating Systems by Destructive, Cross-Sectioning Means (Includes all amendments and changes 7/1/2022).

D4212-16(2023)

Standard Test Method for Viscosity by Dip-Type Viscosity Cups

D4285-83(2018)

Standard Test Method for Indicating Oil or Water in Compressed Air

D4414-95(2020)

Standard Practice for Measurement of Wet Film Thickness by Notch Gages

D4417-21

Standard Test Methods for Field Measurement of Surface Profile of Blast Cleaned Steel

D4537-12(2018)

Standard Guide for Establishing Procedures to Qualify and Certify Personnel Performing Coating and Lining Work Inspection in Nuclear Facilities

D4538-21

Standard Terminology Relating to Protective Coating and Lining Work for Power Generation Facilities

D4541-22

Standard Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using Portable Adhesion Testers

D4752-20

Standard Practice for Measuring MEK Resistance of Ethyl Silicate (Inorganic) Zinc-Rich Primers by Solvent Rub

D4940-15(2020)

Standard Test Method for Conductimetric Analysis of Water Soluble Ionic Contamination of Blast Cleaning Abrasives

D5064-16a(2021)

Standard Practice for Conducting a Patch Test to Assess Coating Compatibility (Includes all amendments and changes 6/29/2021).

D5162-21

Standard Practice for Discontinuity (Holiday) Testing of Nonconductive Protective Coating on Metallic Substrates

D5402-19

Standard Practice for Assessing the Solvent Resistance of Organic Coatings Using Solvent Rubs

D6386-22

Standard Practice for Preparation of Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coated Iron and Steel Product and Hardware Surfaces for Painting