ASTM D3394-16(2022)

ASTM D3394-16(2022) - 1.5.2022

Significance and Use

19.1?Apparent density affects the dielectric and physical characteristics of insulating board and is a factor in the economics of its use in apparatus. This test is useful for specification, design, and quality control purposes.

1. Scope

1.1?These test methods cover the sampling and testing of electrical insulating boards. These boards are porous, usually fibrous sheets used for dielectric and structural purposes in electrical apparatus.

1.2?These test methods are not intended for testing vulcanized fibre or molded laminated sheets.

1.3?These test methods are applicable to board materials having a nominal thickness of at least 0.030 in. (0.76 mm).

Note 1:?For materials thinner than 0.030 in. (0.76 mm) see Test Methods D202.

1.4?The test methods appear in the following sections:

Sections

ASTM Method
Reference

Apparent Density

18 23

Aqueous Extract Characteristics

36 42

D202

Ash Content

43 46

T 413

Compatibility with Dielectric
Liquids

47 52

D664, D877, D924,
D971, D974, D1169,
D1500, D1816,
D3455, D3487

Compressibility

79 85

Conditioning

D685

Degree of Polymerization

86 89

D4243

Dielectric Strength in Air

53 59

D149

Dielectric Strength in Oil

60 65

D149, D2413, D3426

Dimensions of Sheets

12 17

Moisture Content

31 35

D644

Oil Absorption

72 78

Reports

Sampling

6 9

D3636

Shrinkage

24 30

D644

Tensile Properties

66 71

D202

1.5?The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

1.6?This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.7?This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

2. Referenced Documents

D4243-23	Standard Test Method for Measurement of Average Viscometric Degree of Polymerization of New and Aged Electrical Papers and Boards
E29-22	Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
D664-18e2	Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration (Includes all amendments and changes 1/4/2019).
D1500-12(2017)	Standard Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products (ASTM Color Scale)
D3636-19	Standard Practice for Sampling and Judging Quality of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials
D3455-11(2019)	Standard Test Methods for Compatibility of Construction Material with Electrical Insulating Oil of Petroleum Origin
D3487-16e1	Standard Specification for Mineral Insulating Oil Used in Electrical Apparatus (Includes all amendments and changes 1/1/2018).
D3426-19	Standard Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials Using Impulse Waves
D2865-01	Standard Practice for Calibration of Standards and Equipment for Electrical Insulating Materials Testing
D877-02	Standard Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Liquids Using Disk Electrodes
D685-22	Standard Practice for Conditioning Paper and Paper Products for Testing
D2413-16(2022)	Standard Practice for Preparation of Insulating Paper and Board Impregnated with a Liquid Dielectric
D1816-12(2019)	Standard Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Liquids Using VDE Electrodes
D1169-19a	Standard Test Method for Specific Resistance (Resistivity) of Electrical Insulating Liquids (Includes all amendments and changes 10/10/2019).
D974-22	Standard Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
D149-20	Standard Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials at Commercial Power Frequencies
D202-23	Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Untreated Paper Used for Electrical Insulation
D374-99	Standard Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insulation
D586-23	Standard Test Method for Ash and Organic Matter Content of Degradable Erosion Control Products
D644-99	Standard Test Method for Moisture Content of Paper and Paperboard by Oven Drying
	Determination of Ash in Paper Available from Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI), 15 Technology Parkway South, Norcross, GA 30092, http://www.tappi.org.
D924-23	Standard Test Method for Dissipation Factor (or Power Factor) and Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Electrical Insulating Liquids
D971-20	Standard Test Method for Interfacial Tension of Insulating Liquids Against Water by the Ring Method