ASTM D4848-98(2012) - 1.6.2012
 
1. Scope

1.1 This terminology standard is a compilation of definitions of technical terms related to force and deformation properties when evaluating a stress-strain curve of a textile. (See Figs. X1.1 and X1.2.) A chart showing the relationship of the basic terms is shown in Table 1. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.

1.2 For other terms associated with textiles, refer to Terminology D123.

TABLE 1 Relationship of Force and Deformation Terms

TermSymbolMathematical
Expression
Unit

Length

L

mm (in.)

Extension

ΔL

mm (in.)

Strain

ΔL/L

Elongation

ΔL/L × 100

%

Linear density

D1A

tex (den)

Cross-sectional
area

A

mm2 (in.2)

Force

F

N (lbf)

Tension

T

N (lbf)

Strength

S

N (lbf)

Tenacity

F/D1A

mN/tex (lbf/den)B

Stress

F/A

N/m2 (lbf/yd2)B

A In computers, this may be given as LD instead of D1.

B For fibers, these inch-pound units are usually gf/den and gf/in.2

 
2. Referenced Documents

D123-23

Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles

D1578-93(2022)

Standard Test Method for Breaking Strength of Yarn in Skein Form

D5344-22

Standard Test Method for Extension Force of Partially Oriented Yarn