1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for the measurement of the effects of automotive engine oils on the fuel economy of passenger cars and light-duty 3856 kg (8500 lb), or less, gross vehicle weight trucks. The tests are conducted using a specified 4.6-L spark-ignition engine on a dynamometer test stand. It applies to multiviscosity grade oils used in these applications. Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for specification requirements are discussed in the latest revision of Specification D4485.

1.2 The values stated in either SI units or other units shall be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the SI units are stated first with the other units shown in parentheses. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.

1.3This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:

Subject	Section
Introduction
Scope	1
Referenced Documents	2
Terminology	3
Summary of Test Method	4
Significance and Use	5
Apparatus	6
General	6.1
Test Engine Configuration	6.2
Laboratory Ambient Conditions	6.3
Engine Speed and Load Control	6.4
Engine Cooling System	6.5
External Oil System	6.6
Fuel System	6.7
Engine Intake Air Supply	6.8
Temperature Measurement	6.9
AFR Determination	6.10
Exhaust and Exhaust Back Pressure Systems	6.11
Pressure Measurement and Pressure Sensor Locations	6.12
Engine Hardware and Related Apparatus	6.13
Miscellaneous Apparatus Related to Engine Operation	6.14
Reagents and Materials	7
Engine Oil	7.1
Test Fuel	7.2
Engine Coolant	7.3
Cleaning Materials	7.4
Sealing Compounds	7.5
Preparation of Apparatus	8
Test Stand Preparation	8.2
Engine Preparation	9
Cleaning of Engine Parts	9.2
Engine Assembly Procedure	9.3
General Assembly Instructions	9.3.1
Bolt Torque Specifications	9.3.2
Sealing Compounds	9.3.3
New Parts Required for Each New Engine	9.3.4
Harmonic Balancer	9.3.5
Oil Pan	9.3.6
Intake Manifold	9.3.7
Camshaft Covers	9.3.8
Thermostat	9.3.9
Thermostat Housing	9.3.10
Coolant Inlet	9.3.11
Oil Filter Adapter	9.3.12
Dipstick Tube	9.3.13
Water Pump	9.3.14
Sensors, Switches, Valves, and Positioners	9.3.15
Ignition System	9.3.16
Fuel Injection System	9.3.17
Intake Air System	9.3.18
Engine Management System (Spark and Fuel Control)	9.3.19
Accessory Drive Units	9.3.20
Exhaust Manifolds	9.3.21
Engine Flywheel and Guards	9.3.22
Lifting of Assembled Engines	9.3.23
Engine Mounts	9.3.24
Calibration	10
BC Pre-Test Verification	10.1
Engine/Test Stand Calibration	10.2
Procedure	10.2.1
Reporting of Reference Results	10.2.2
Analysis of Reference Oils	10.2.3
Flush Effectiveness Demonstration	10.2.4
Instrument Calibration	10.3
Engine Load Measurement System	10.3.1
Fuel Flow Measurement System	10.3.2
Coolant Flow Measurement System	10.3.3
Thermocouple and Temperature Measurement System	10.3.4
Humidity Measurement System	10.3.5
Other Instrumentation	10.3.6
Test Procedure	11
Preparation for Initial Start-Up of New Engine	11.1
Initial Engine Start-Up	11.2
Coolant Flush	11.3
New Engine Break-In	11.4
Routine Test Operation	11.5
Start-Up and Shutdown Procedures	11.5.8
Flying Flush Oil Exchange Procedures	11.5.9
Test Operating Stages	11.5.10
Stabilization to Stage Conditions	11.5.11
Stabilized BSFC Measurement Cycle	11.5.12
Data Logging	11.5.13
BC Oil Flush Procedure for BC Oil Before Test Oil	11.5.14
BSFC Measurement of BC Oil Before Test Oil	11.5.15
Test Oil Flush Procedure	11.5.16
Test Oil Aging	11.5.17
BSFC Measurement of Aged Test Oil	11.5.18
BC Oil Flush Procedure for BC Oil After Test Oil	11.5.19
BSFC Measurement for BC Oil After Test Oil	11.5.20
General Test Data Logging Forms	11.5.21
Diagnostic Review Procedures	11.5.22
Determination of Test Results	12
Final Test Report	13
Validity Statement	13.1
Report Format	13.2
Precision, Validity, and Bias	14
Precision	14.1
Validity	14.2
Test Stand Calibration Status	14.2.1
Validity Interpretation of Deviant Operational Conditions	14.2.2
Keywords	15
ANNEXES
Role of ASTM Test Monitoring Center	Annex A1
Detailed Specifications and Drawings of Apparatus	Annex A2
Oil Heater Cerrobase Refill Procedure	Annex A3
Engine Part Number Listing	Annex A4
Flying Flush Checklists	Annex A5
Safety Precautions	Annex A6
Report Format	Annex A7
Control Chart Technique for Stand/Engine Severity Adjustment (SA)	Annex A8
Statistical Equations for Mean and Standard Deviation	Annex A9
Fuel Injector Evaluation	Annex A10
Pre-test Maintenance Checklist	Annex A11
APPENDIXES
Procurement of Test Materials	Appendix X1
Data Dictionary	Appendix X2