ASTM D6618-14 - 1.5.2014
 
Significance and Use

5.1 The test method is designed to relate to high-speed, supercharged diesel engine operation and, in particular, to the deposit control characteristics and antiwear properties of diesel crankcase lubricating oils.

5.2 The test method is useful for the evaluation of diesel engine oil quality and crankcase oil specification acceptance. This test method, along with others, defines the minimum performance level of the API categories CF and CF-2 (detailed information about passing limits for these categories is included in Specification D4485). It is also used in MIL-PRF-2104.

5.3 The results are significant only when all details of the procedure are followed. The basic engine used in this test method has a precombustion chamber (as compared to direct injection) and is most useful in predicting performance of engines similarly equipped. This factor should be considered when extrapolating test results. It has been found useful in predicting results with high sulfur fuels (that is, greater than 0.5 wt %) and with certain preemission controlled engines. It has also been found useful when correlated with deposit control in two-stroke cycle diesel engines.

 
1. Scope

1.1 This test method covers a four-stroke cycle diesel engine test procedure for evaluating engine oils for certain high-temperature performance characteristics, particularly ring sticking, ring and cylinder wear, and accumulation of piston deposits. Such oils include both single viscosity SAE grade and multiviscosity SAE grade oils used in diesel engines. It is commonly known as the 1M-PC test (PC for Pre-Chamber) and is used in several API oil categories, notably the CF and CF-2 and the military category described in MIL-PRF-2104 (see Note 1).

Note 1—Companion test methods used to evaluate other engine oil performance characteristics for API oil categories CF and CF-2 are discussed in SAE J304. The companion tests used by the military can be found in MIL-PRF-2104.

1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are provided for information only.

1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Scope

1

Reference Documents

2

Terminology

3

Summary of Test Method

4

Significance and Use

5

Apparatus

6

 

Test Engine

6.1

 

Engine Accessories

6.2 – 6.14

 

Engine Oil System

6.15

 

Cooling System

6.16

 

Fuel System

6.17

 

Intake Air System

6.18

 

Exhaust System

6.19

 

Blowby Meter

6.20

 

Thermocouples

6.21

 

Parts

6.22

 

Instrumentation

6.23

 

Crankcase Paint

6.24

Reagents and Materials

7

 

Fuel

7.1

 

Test Oil

7.2

 

Engine Coolant

7.3

 

Cleaning Materials

7.4

Safety

8

Preparation of Apparatus

9

 

Supplementary Service Information

9.1

 

General Engine Inspection

9.2

 

Intake Air System

9.3

 

Cooling System

9.4

 

Engine Cooling System Cleaning

9.5

 

Instrumentation Calibration Requirements

9.6

 

Engine Crankcase Cleaning

9.7

 

Additional Oil Filter

9.8

 

Flushing Procedure Components

9.9

 

Flushing Procedures

9.10

 

Piston Cleaning Preparation

9.11

 

Cylinder Head

9.12

 

Fuel Nozzle

9.13

 

Measurement

9.14

Procedure

10

 

Engine Break-in

10.1

 

Pre-Test Preparations

10.2

 

Warm-up Procedure

10.3

 

Operating Conditions

10.4

 

Periodic Measurements

10.5

 

Engine Oil Level

10.6

 

Oil Addition Procedure

10.7

 

Cool-Down Procedure

10.8

 

Shutdowns

10.9

 

Fuel System

10.10

 

Brake Specific Oil Consumption (BSOC) Calculation

10.11

Inspection

11

 

Preparation

11.1

 

Inspection

11.2

 

Rater Training

11.3

 

Referee Ratings

11.4

Calibration of Test Method

12

 

Requirements

12.1

 

Reference Oils

12.2

 

Test Numbering

12.3

 

Definition of a Test

12.4

 

New Laboratories and New Test Stands

12.5

 

Frequency of Calibration Tests

12.6

 

Specified Test Parameters

12.10

 

Acceptance of Calibration Tests

12.11

 

Failing Reference Oil Calibration Tests

12.12

 

Non-Standard Tests

12.13

 

Severity Adjustments and Control Charting

12.14

 

Test Reporting

12.15

 

Reporting Reference Results

12.16

 

Analysis of Reference Oils

12.17

Precision and Bias

13

 

Precision

13.1

 

Bias

13.2

Keywords

14

 

ANNEXES

 

Figures and Schematics

Annex A1

 

Report Forms

Annex A2

 

Test Fuel Information

Annex A3

 

APPENDIXES

 

Humidity Correction Factors

Appendix X1

 

Report Form Examples

Appendix X2

 

1M-PC Multiple Testing

Appendix X3


 
2. Referenced Documents

D482-25

Standard Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products

D524-15(2025)e1

Standard Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products (Includes all amendments and changes 8/11/2025).

D613-26

Standard Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil

D97-17b(2022)

Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products (Includes all amendments and changes 11/29/2022).

D664-24

Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration

D1319-26

Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption

D4052-22

Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter

D1796-22

Standard Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)

D2422-24

Standard Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants by Viscosity System

D2425-23

Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Middle Distillates by Mass Spectrometry

D2500-23

Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels

D2622-26

Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

D4863-13

Standard Test Method for Determination of Lubricity of Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engine Lubricants (Withdrawn 2022)

D5302-01a

Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Inhibition of Deposit Formation and Wear in a Spark-Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Fueled with Gasoline and Operated Under Low-Temperature, Light-Duty Conditions (Withdrawn 2003)

D5844-98

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Inhibition of Rusting (Sequence IID) (Withdrawn 2003)

D5862-09

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils in Two-Stroke Cycle Turbo-Supercharged 6V92TA Diesel Engine (Withdrawn 2009)

D6202-02

Standard Test Method for Automotive Engine Oils on the Fuel Economy of Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks in the Sequence VIA Spark Ignition Engine (Withdrawn 2009)

SAE J304

D4175-24e2

Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants (Includes all amendments and changes 6/9/2026).

D4294-24

Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum Products by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

D4485-24

Standard Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils

Lubricating Oil, Internal Combustion Engine, Combat/Tactical Service

ASTM Deposit Rating Manual 20

(formerly CRC Manual 20) For Stock #TMCMNL20, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM International Customer Service at service@astm.org.

D86-23ae2

Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure (Includes all amendments and changes 11/4/2024).

D93-26

Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester

D130-26

Standard Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test

D235-22

Standard Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)

D445-26

Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)