ASTM C1484-00 - 10.10.2001
 
1. Scope

1.1 This specification covers the general requirements for Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIP). These panels have been used wherever high thermal resistance is desired in confined space applications, such as transportation, equipment, and appliances.

1.2 Vacuum panels typically exhibit an edge effect due to differences between core and barrier thermal properties. This specification applies to composite panels whose center-of-panel apparent thermal resistivities (sec. 3.2.4) typically range from 87 to 870 m·K/W (12.5 to 125 hr·ft2 oF/Btu in) at 24°C (75oF) mean, and whose intended service temperature boundaries range from -70 to 480oC (-94 to 900°F).

1.3 The specification applies to panels encompassing evacuated space with: some means of preventing panel collapse due to atmospheric pressure, some means of reducing radiation heat transfer, and some means of reducing the mean free path of the remaining gas molecules.

1.4 Limitations

1.4.1 The specification is intended for evacuated planar composites; it does not apply to non-planar evacuated self-supporting structures, such as containers or bottles with evacuated walls. The complexity of describing the performance of the planar products is considered sufficiently challenging for this initial specification, although other shapes will be considered at a future time.

1.4.2 The specification describes the thermal performance considerations in the use of these insulations. Because this market is still developing, discrete classes of products have not yet been defined and standard performance values are not yet available.

1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health specifications and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety considerations see Annex A1.

 
2. Referenced Documents

C168-25

Standard Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation

C177-19(2026)

Standard Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus

C203-22

Standard Test Methods for Breaking Load and Flexural Properties of Block-Type Thermal Insulation

C390-08(2024)

Standard Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal Insulation Lots

C480-99

Standard Test Method for Flexure Creep of Sandwich Constructions

C518-21

Standard Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus

C740-97

Standard Practice for Evacuated Reflective Insulation In Cryogenic Service

C1045-19(2026)

Standard Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Properties Under Steady-State Conditions

C1055-20

Standard Guide for Heated System Surface Conditions that Produce Contact Burn Injuries

C1058-03

Standard Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluating and Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal Insulation

C1114-06(2019)

Standard Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Thin-Heater Apparatus

C1136-23

Standard Specification for Flexible, Low Permeance Vapor Retarders for Thermal Insulation

C1363-24

Standard Test Method for Thermal Performance of Building Materials and Envelope Assemblies by Means of a Hot Box Apparatus

C1667-15(2023)

Standard Test Method for Using Heat Flow Meter Apparatus to Measure the Center-of-Panel Thermal Transmission Properties of Vacuum Insulation Panels

D999-08(2023)

Standard Test Methods for Vibration Testing of Shipping Containers

D1434-23

Standard Test Method for Determining Gas Permeability Characteristics of Plastic Film and Sheeting

D2221-01(2021)

Standard Test Method for Creep Properties of Package Cushioning Materials

D2126-25

Standard Test Method for Response of Rigid Cellular Plastics to Thermal and Humid Aging

D3103-20(2025)

Standard Test Method for Thermal Insulation Performance of Distribution Packages

D3763-23

Standard Test Method for High Speed Puncture Properties of Plastics Using Load and Displacement Sensors

D4169-23e1

Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Containers and Systems (Includes all amendments and changes 3/27/2024).

E493-06

Standard Test Methods for Leaks Using the Mass Spectrometer Leak Detector in the Inside-Out Testing Mode

F88-07

Standard Test Method for Seal Strength of Flexible Barrier Materials

C165-23

Standard Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of Thermal Insulations