ASTM C1594-23

ASTM C1594-23 - 1.3.2023

1. Scope

1.1?This specification covers the composition and physical properties of polyimide foam insulation with nominal densities from 1.0 lb/ft³ to 8.0 lb/ft³ (16 kg/m³ to 128 kg/m³) and intended for use as thermal and sound-isolating insulation for temperatures from ?423?F to +600?F (?253?C to +316?C) in commercial and industrial environments.

1.1.1?The annex shall apply to this specification for marine applications.

1.1.2?This standard is designed as a material specification and not a design document.

1.1.3?The values stated in Table 1 and Table 2 are not to be used as design values. It is the buyers responsibility to specify design requirements and obtain supporting documentation from the material supplier.

* = Not available consult manufacturer for additional information.

NA = Not Applicable

NB = A manufacturer can only claim conformance to this standard to the values reported in this table. The * notes are confidential data to the manufacturers and as such are not considered part of any qualifying requirements for the standard and only tell the user to inquire about that data.

* = Not available consult manufacturer for additional information.

NA = Not Applicable

Note 1:?The subject matter of this material specification is not covered by any other ASTM specification. There is no known ISO standard covering the subject of this standard.

1.2?The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

1.3?This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.4?This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

2. Referenced Documents

E84-26a	Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials (Includes all amendments and changes 4/15/2026).
E96/E96M-24a	Standard Test Methods for Gravimetric Determination of Water Vapor Transmission Rate of Materials (Includes all amendments and changes 11/20/2024).
E176-24a	Standard Terminology of Fire Standards (Includes all amendments and changes 12/9/2024).
E662-21ae1	Standard Test Method for Specific Optical Density of Smoke Generated by Solid Materials (Includes all amendments and changes 9/16/2021).
E2231-25	Standard Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Pipe and Duct Insulation Materials to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics
FAR 25.853(a), Appendix F, Part 1, (a) (1) (i)	Test Criteria and Procedures for Showing Compliance with Sec. 25.853, or 25.855 Federal Aviation Regulations Part 25 (Airworthiness Standards, Transport Category Aircraft, and Section 25.853. Procedure in appendix F, Part I (a) (1) (i) and (ii). Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954.

C168-25	Standard Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
C177-19e1	Standard Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus (Includes all amendments and changes 2/23/2023).
C335-05a	Standard Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Properties of Pipe Insulation
C390-08(2024)	Standard Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal Insulation Lots
C411-19	Standard Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal Insulation
C421-26	Standard Test Method for Tumbling Friability of Preformed Block-Type and Preformed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal Insulation
C447-15(2022)	Standard Practice for Estimating the Maximum Use Temperature of Thermal Insulations
C518-21	Standard Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
C634-22	Standard Terminology Relating to Building and Environmental Acoustics
C665-24	Standard Specification for Mineral-Fiber Blanket Thermal Insulation for Light Frame Construction and Manufactured Housing
C1045-19	Standard Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Properties Under Steady-State Conditions
C1058-03	Standard Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluating and Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal Insulation
C1114-06(2019)	Standard Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Thin-Heater Apparatus
C1304-23	Standard Test Method for Assessing the Odor Emission of Thermal Insulation Materials
C1338-25	Standard Test Method for Determining Fungi Resistance of Insulation Materials and Facings
C1482-24e1	Standard Specification for Polyimide Flexible Cellular Thermal and Sound Absorbing Insulation (Includes all amendments and changes 4/23/2024).
C1559-15(2021)	Standard Test Method for Determining Wicking of Fibrous Glass Blanket Insulation (Aircraft Type)
D543-21	Standard Practices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics to Chemical Reagents
D638-22	Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D1621-16(2023)	Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Cellular Plastics
D2126-25	Standard Test Method for Response of Rigid Cellular Plastics to Thermal and Humid Aging
D2863-23e1	Standard Test Method for Measuring the Minimum Oxygen Concentration to Support Candle-Like Combustion of Plastics (Oxygen Index) (Includes all amendments and changes 8/18/2025).
D3574-25	Standard Test Methods for Flexible Cellular Materials—Slab, Bonded, and Molded Polyurethane Foams
D6226-21	Standard Test Method for Open Cell Content of Rigid Cellular Plastics