ASTM D975-11b

ASTM D975-11b - 1.12.2011

1. Scope

1.1 This specification covers seven grades of diesel fuel oils suitable for various types of diesel engines. These grades are described as follows:

1.1.1 Grade No. 1-D S15—A special-purpose, light middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with 15 ppm sulfur (maximum) and higher volatility than that provided by Grade No. 2-D S15 fuel.

1.1.2 Grade No. 1-D S500—A special-purpose, light middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with 500 ppm sulfur (maximum) and higher volatility than that provided by Grade No. 2-D S500 fuel.

1.1.3 Grade No. 1-D S5000—A special-purpose, light middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with 5000 ppm sulfur (maximum) and higher volatility than that provided by Grade No. 2-D S5000 fuels.

1.1.4 Grade No. 2-D S15—A general purpose, middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with 15 ppm sulfur (maximum). It is especially suitable for use in applications with conditions of varying speed and load.

1.1.5 Grade No. 2-D S500—A general-purpose, middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with 500 ppm sulfur (maximum). It is especially suitable for use in applications with conditions of varying speed and load.

1.1.6 Grade No. 2-D S5000—A general-purpose, middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with 5000 ppm sulfur (maximum), especially in conditions of varying speed and load.

1.1.7 Grade No. 4-D—A heavy distillate fuel, or a blend of distillate and residual oil, for use in low- and medium-speed diesel engines in applications involving predominantly constant speed and load.

Note 1—A more detailed description of the grades of diesel fuel oils is given in X1.2.

Note 2—The Sxxx designation has been adopted to distinguish grades by sulfur rather than using words such as “Low Sulfur” as previously because the number of sulfur grades is growing and the word descriptions were thought to be not precise. S5000 grades correspond to the so-called “regular” sulfur grades, the previous No. 1-D and No. 2-D. S500 grades correspond to the previous “Low Sulfur” grades. S15 grades were not in the previous grade system and are commonly referred to as “Ultra-Low Sulfur” grades or ULSD.

1.2 This specification, unless otherwise provided by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, prescribes the required properties of diesel fuels at the time and place of delivery.

1.2.1 Nothing in this specification shall preclude observance of federal, state, or local regulations which can be more restrictive.

Note 3—The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create problems in the handling of distillate diesel fuel oils. For more information on the subject, see Guide D4865.

1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

2. Referenced Documents

D5842-23	Standard Practice for Sampling and Handling of Fuels for Volatility Measurement
D524-15(2019)	Standard Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
D6078-04	Standard Test Method for Evaluating Lubricity of Diesel Fuels by the Scuffing Load Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator (SLBOCLE)
D6079-22	Standard Test Method for Evaluating Lubricity of Diesel Fuels by the High-Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR)
D6217-21	Standard Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Middle Distillate Fuels by Laboratory Filtration
D6304-20	Standard Test Method for Determination of Water in Petroleum Products, Lubricating Oils, and Additives by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
D6371-17a	Standard Test Method for Cold Filter Plugging Point of Diesel and Heating Fuels (Includes all amendments and changes 12/25/2017).
D5304-20	Standard Test Method for Assessing Middle Distillate Fuel Storage Stability by Oxygen Overpressure
D5453-19a	Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel Engine Fuel, and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet Fluorescence (Includes all amendments and changes 8/13/2019).
D5771-21	Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels (Optical Detection Stepped Cooling Method)
D5772-21	Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels (Linear Cooling Rate Method)
D5773-21	Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels (Constant Cooling Rate Method)
D6751-23a	Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blendstock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels (Includes all amendments and changes 5/3/2023).
D6890-22	Standard Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant Volume Chamber
D6898-03	Standard Test Method for Evaluating Diesel Fuel Lubricity by an Injection Pump Rig
D6469-20	Standard Guide for Microbial Contamination in Fuels and Fuel Systems
D7039-15a(2020)	Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Gasoline, Diesel Fuel, Jet Fuel, Kerosine, Biodiesel, Biodiesel Blends, and Gasoline-Ethanol Blends by Monochromatic Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (Includes all amendments and changes 6/11/2020).
D7042-21a	Standard Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of Kinematic Viscosity) (Includes all amendments and changes 12/14/2021).
D7094-23	Standard Test Method for Flash Point by Modified Continuously Closed Cup (MCCCFP) Tester
D7170-16	Standard Test Method for Determination of Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils—Fixed Range Injection Period, Constant Volume Combustion Chamber Method (Withdrawn 2019)
D7220-22	Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Automotive, Heating, and Jet Fuels by Monochromatic Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
D7345-23	Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure (Micro Distillation Method)
D7371-14(2022)	Standard Test Method for Determination of Biodiesel (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters) Content in Diesel Fuel Oil Using Mid Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR-PLS Method)
D7467-23	Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel Oil, Biodiesel Blend (B6 to B20)
D7545-14(2019)e1	Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Middle Distillate Fuels´Rapid Small Scale Oxidation Test (RSSOT) (Includes all amendments and changes 12/25/2019).
D7619-22	Standard Test Method for Sizing and Counting Particles in Light and Middle Distillate Fuels, by Automatic Particle Counter
D7668-23	Standard Test Method for Determination of Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils—Ignition Delay and Combustion Delay Using a Constant Volume Combustion Chamber Method
D7688-18	Standard Test Method for Evaluating Lubricity of Diesel Fuels by the High-Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR) by Visual Observation
D7689-21	Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels (Mini Method)
D7861-14(2019)	Standard Test Method for Determination of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) in Diesel Fuel by Linear Variable Filter (LVF) Array Based Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy
E29-22	Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E1064-24	Standard Test Method for Water in Organic Liquids by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
D6468-22	Standard Test Method for High Temperature Stability of Middle Distillate Fuels
D613-24	Standard Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil
D1266-18	Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp Method)
D1319-20a	Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption (Includes all amendments and changes 9/14/2020).
D1552-23	Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by High Temperature Combustion and Infrared (IR) Detection or Thermal Conductivity Detection (TCD)
D1796-22	Standard Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)
D2274-14(2019)	Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Distillate Fuel Oil (Accelerated Method)
D2500-23	Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels
D3828-16a(2021)	Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale Closed Cup Tester (Includes all amendments and changes 7/26/2021).
D4057-22	Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177-22e1	Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Includes all amendments and changes 3/24/2023).
D4294-21	Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum Products by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
D4306-20	Standard Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
D4308-21	Standard Test Method for Electrical Conductivity of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Precision Meter
D4539-22	Standard Test Method for Filterability of Diesel Fuels by Low-Temperature Flow Test (LTFT)
D4737-21	Standard Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable Equation
D4865-23	Standard Guide for Generation and Dissipation of Static Electricity in Petroleum Fuel Systems
D3120-08(2019)	Standard Test Method for Trace Quantities of Sulfur in Light Liquid Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Oxidative Microcoulometry
D2709-22	Standard Test Method for Water and Sediment in Middle Distillate Fuels by Centrifuge
D2880-23	Standard Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
D2887-23	Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
D3117-03	Standard Test Method for Wax Appearance Point of Distillate Fuels (Withdrawn 2010)
D2622-21	Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
D2624-22	Standard Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity of Aviation and Distillate Fuels
D56-22	Standard Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester
D86-23ae1	Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure (Includes all amendments and changes 2/9/2024).
D93-20	Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
D129-18	Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (General High Pressure Decomposition Device Method) (Withdrawn 2023)
D130-19	Standard Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
D445-23	Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D482-19	Standard Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products
D5854-19a	Standard Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Includes all amendments and changes 8/13/2019).