ASTM E179-17 - 1.5.2017
 
1. Scope

1.1 This guide is intended for use in selecting terminology, measurement scales, and instrumentation for describing or evaluating such appearance characteristics as glossiness, opacity, lightness, transparency, and haziness in terms of reflected or transmitted light. This guide does not consider the spectral variations responsible for color, but the geometric variables described herein can importantly affect instrumentally measured values of color. This guide is general in scope rather than specific as to instrument or material.

1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

 
2. Referenced Documents

E1331-15(2023)

Standard Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by Spectrophotometry Using Hemispherical Geometry

E167-96

Standard Practice for Goniophotometry of Objects and Materials (Withdrawn 2005)

E284-22

Standard Terminology of Appearance

E429-78(1991)E01

Test Method for Measurement and Calculation of Reflecting Characteristics of Metallic Surfaces Using Integrating Sphere Instruments (Withdrawn 1996)

E430-23

Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Gloss of High-Gloss Surfaces by Abridged Goniophotometry

E808-23

Standard Practice for Describing Retroreflection

E809-21

Standard Practice for Measuring Photometric Characteristics of Retroreflectors

D1746-23

Standard Test Method for Transparency of Plastic Sheeting

D1834-90(2000)

Standard Test Method for 20o Specular Gloss of Waxed Paper (Withdrawn 2004)

D4039-09(2023)

Standard Test Method for Reflection Haze of High-Gloss Surfaces

D4061-13(2018)

Standard Test Method for Retroreflectance of Horizontal Coatings

E97-82(1987)

Method of Test for Directional Reflectance Factor, 45-Deg 0-Deg, of Opaque Specimens by Broad-Band Filter Reflectometry (Withdrawn 1991)

E1348-22

Standard Test Method for Transmittance and Color by Spectrophotometry Using Hemispherical Geometry

E1349-06(2022)

Standard Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by Spectrophotometry Using Bidirectional (45?:0? or 0?:45?) Geometry

E1767-11(2022)

Standard Practice for Specifying the Geometries of Observation and Measurement to Characterize the Appearance of Materials

E2194-14(2021)

Standard Test Method for Multiangle Color Measurement of Metal Flake Pigmented Materials

E2539-14(2021)

Standard Test Method for Multiangle Color Measurement of Interference Pigments

F768-82(1987)

Method for Specular Reflectance and Transmittance Measurements of Optically Flat-Coated and Non-Coated Specimens (Withdrawn 1994)

CIE Publication No. 38

Radiometric and Photometric Characteristics of Materials and Their Measurement, 1977

C347-57

Method of Test for Reflectivity and Coefficient of Scatter of White Porcelain Enamels (Withdrawn 1990)

C523-68

Method of Test for Light Reflectance of Acoustical Materials by the Integrating Sphere Reflectometer (Withdrawn 1988)

C584-81(2016)

Standard Test Method for Specular Gloss of Glazed Ceramic Whitewares and Related Products

D523-14(2018)

Standard Test Method for Specular Gloss

D1003-21

Standard Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance of Transparent Plastics

D1455-17(2023)

Standard Test Method for 60? Specular Gloss of Emulsion Floor Polish

C346-87(1998)e1

Standard Test Method for 45-deg Specular Gloss of Ceramic Materials

D1494-22

Standard Test Method for Diffuse Light Transmission Factor of Reinforced Plastics Panels

E810-20

Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Retroreflection of Retroreflective Sheeting Utilizing the Coplanar Geometry

E811-09(2020)e1

Standard Practice for Measuring Colorimetric Characteristics of Retroreflectors Under Nighttime Conditions (Includes all amendments and changes 7/10/2020).

E991-21

Standard Practice for Color Measurement of Fluorescent Specimens Using the One-Monochromator Method

E1164-23

Standard Practice for Obtaining Spectrometric Data for Object-Color Evaluation