Significance—The data obtained from a compression test may include the yield strength, the yield point, Young’ modulus, the stress-strain curve, and the compressive strength (see Terminology E 6). In the case of a material that does not fail in compression by a shattering fracture, compressive strength is a value that is dependent on total strain and specimen geometry.

Use—Compressive properties are of interest in the analyses of structures subject to compressive or bending loads or both and in the analyses of metal working and fabrication processes that involve large compressive deformation such as forging and rolling. For brittle or nonductile metals that fracture in tension at stresses below the yield strength, compression tests offer the possibility of extending the strain range of the stress-strain data. While the compression test is not complicated by necking as is the tension test for certain metallic materials, buckling and barreling (see Section 3) can complicate results and should be minimized.

1.1 These test methods cover the apparatus, specimens, and procedure for axial-load compression testing of metallic materials at room temperature (Note 1). For additional requirements pertaining to cemented carbides, see Annex A1.

Note 1--For compression tests at elevated temperatures, see Practice E209.

1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The metric equivalent values cited in the standard may be approximate.

1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.